BL Bibliography

Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Scholarly | Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Popular

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Yaoi / Shōnen-ai Scholarly Bibliography

This lists scholarly works about yaoi and shōnen-ai.

• Abraham, Yamila. (2010). “Boys’ Love Thrives in Conservative Indonesia.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 44-55). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Akatsuka, Neal. (2010). “Uttering the Absurd, Revaluing the Abject: Femininity and the Disavowal of Homosexuality in Transnational Boys’ Love Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 159-176). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Aoyama, Tomoko. (1988). “Male homosexuality as treated by Japanese women writers.” In McCormack, G. & Sugimoto, Y. (Eds.), The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond (pp. 186-204). New York: Cambridge University Press.

• Barral, Etienne. (April 2000). “Le Comiket, royaume des fanzines.” Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales. Paris.

• Bauer, C. K. (2011). Chapter 5: Boys’ Love for Women, Made in Japan: Yaoi and Shounen-ai Manga in the U.S. Academic Discourse (1983-2011). Naughty Girls and Gay Male Romance/Porn: Slash Fiction, Boys’ Love Manga, and Other Works by Female “Cross-Voyeurs” in the U.S. Academic Discourses. Master’s Thesis, University of Bayreuth, Germany. http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/193151/naughty-girls-and-gay-male-romance-porn-slash-fiction-boys-love-manga

• Bauwens-Sugimoto, Jessica (2011). “Subverting masculinity, misogyny, and reproductive technology in SEX PISTOLS”. Image & Narrative 12 (1). [pdf]

• Berry, C. (2007). The Chinese Side of the Mountain. Film Quarterly, 60(3), pp. 32-37.

• Blair, M.M. (2010). “‘She Should Just Die in a Ditch’: Fan Reactions to Female Characters in Boys’ Love Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 110-125). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Brient, Hervé. (2008). “Une petite histoire du yaoi.” Manga 10 000 images: Homosexualité et manga: le yaoi. Versailles, France: Éditions H.

• Bollmann, T. (2010). He-romance for her – yaoi, BL and shounen-ai. In E. Niskanen (Ed.), Imaginary Japan: Japanese Fantasy in Contemporary Popular Culture (pp.42-46). Turku: International Institute

• Cole, C. Bard. (Feb. 28, 2001). Webstory: Male on Male Action for Girls. The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, 8(1), p. 40.

• Darlington, Tania (2009). The Queering of Haruhi Fujioka: Cross-Dressing, Camp and Commoner Culture in Ouran High School Host Club. ImageTexT, 4(3).

• Donovan, Hope. (2010). “Gift Versus Capitalist Economies: Exchanging Anime and Manga in the U.S.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 11-22). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Ebihara, Akiko (2002). “Japan’s Feminist Fabulation: Reading Marginal with Unisex Reproduction as a Key Concept.” Genders 36.

• Galbraith, Patrick W. (2009). “Moe: Exploring Virtual Potential in Post-Millennial Japan.” Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies.

• Gibbs, Christy. (2012). Breaking Binaries: Transgressing Sexualities in Japanese Animation. Doctoral thesis, The University of Waikato.

• Glasspool, Lucy Hannah. (2013). “Simulation and database society in Japanese roleplaying-game fandoms: Reading boys’ love dojinshi online.” Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Hall, Alexis. (2010). “Gay or Gei? Reading ‘Realness’ in Japanese Yaoi Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 211-220). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Hall, Nicholas James. (2009). Reimagining Male-Male Sexuality: Representations in Japanese Modern Literature and Gay Manga. Master’s Thesis, The University of British Columbia.

• Hori, Akiko. (2013). On the response (or lack thereof) of Japanese fans to criticism that yaoi is antigay discrimination. Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Isola, Mark John. (2010). “Yaoi and Slash Fiction: Women Writing, Reading, and Getting Off?” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 84-98). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Ito, Kinko. (1994). “Images of Women in Weekly Male Comics Magazines in Japan.” Journal of Popular Culture 27(4):81-95.

• Kamm, Björn-Ole (2008). FUJOSHI – Nutzen und Gratifikation bei Boys‘ Love Manga in Japan und Deutschland. “FUJOSHI – Uses and Gratifications of Boys‘ Love Manga in Japan and Germany” – Master’s Thesis (PDF 400 KB, German)

• Kamm, Björn-Ole (2010). Nutzen und Gratifikation bei Boys’ Love Manga: Fujoshi oder verdorbene Mädchen in Japan und Deutschland. Hamburg: Kovac.

• Kamm, Björn-Ole (2013). “Rotten use patterns: What entertainment theories can do for the study of boys’ love.” Transformative Works and Cultures 12.

• Kinsella, Sharon. (1998). Japanese Subculture in the 1990s: Otaku and the Amateur Manga Movement, Journal of Japanese Studies, 24:2, Summer 1998, pp. 289-316.

• Kinsella, Sharon. (2000). Adult Manga: Culture and Power in Contemporary Japanese Society, Richmond: Curzon Press.

• Li, Yannan (2009). Japanese Boy-Love Manga and the Global Fandom: A Case Study of Chinese Female Readers. Dissertation, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis.

• Linderström, Jenny (2007). Boys’ Love: En studie av maskuliniteter och maktrelationer i yaoi manga. (Swedish)

• Lopez, Camila Roque. (2012). Problemas de genre/gender en objetos de la cultura masiva: El genero yaoi-shounen ai desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar. Actas del 2º Congreso Interdisciplinario sobre Género y Sociedad: “Lo personal es político.” (Spanish)

• Lunsing, Wim (January 2006). Yaoi Ronsō: Discussing depictions of male homosexuality in Japanese girl’s comics, gay comics and gay pornography. Intersections: Gender, history and culture in the Asian context. 12.

• Malone, Paul. (2010). “From BRAVO to Animexx.de to Export: Capitalizing on German Boys’ Love Fandom, Culturally, Socially and Economically.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 23-43). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Malone, Paul. (2013). Transplanted boys’ love conventions and anti-’shota’ polemics in German manga: Fahr Sindram’s ‘Losing Neverland.’ Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Martin, F. (2012). Girls who love boys’ love: Japanese homoerotic manga as trans-national Taiwan culture. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 13(3), 365-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2012.689707

• Matsui, Midori. (1993). Little Girls Were Little Boys: Displaced Femininity in the Representation of Homosexuality in Japanese Girls’ Comics. In S. Gunew and A. Yeatman (Eds.), Feminism and the Politics of Difference (pp. 177-196). Boulder CO: Westview.

• McHarry, Mark. (November, 2003). Yaoi: Redrawing Male Love. The Guide. 23(11):29-34.

• McHarry, Mark. (2006). Yaoi. In Gaëtan Brulotte and John Phillips (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature. New York: Routledge, pp. 1445-1447.

• McHarry, Mark. (2007a). Masculinity Ungendered: YAOI Fan Girls (and Boys) Envisioning Male Eros. Session, Masculinities II: Queer Masculinities, Part One. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2007 National Conference, Boston, 4-7 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2007b). Identity Unmoored: Yaoi in the West. In Thomas Peele (Ed.) Queer Popular Culture: Literature, Media, Film, and Television. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 183-195. Reprinted and expanded in Christopher Pullen and Margaret Cooper (Eds.) LGBT Identity and Online New Media, New York: Routledge, 2010, 171-184.

• McHarry, Mark. (2008). Fan Girls’ Beautiful Boys: Western Embodiments of Japanese Yaoi and Boys’ Love. Session, Gay, Lesbian, & Queer Studies III: Sexuality and Nationality. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2008 National Conference,San Francisco, 19-22 Mar.

• McHarry, Mark. (2009). TimeSpace Divagations in Japanese Boys’ Love and Yaoi: Une Coupure Épistémologique for Western Eros? Session, Gay, Lesbian, & Queer Studies VI: Love and Fantasies. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2009 National Conference, New Orleans, 8-11 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2010a). Boys in Love in Boys’ Love: Discourses West/East and the Abject in Subject Formation. In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 177-189). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• McHarry, Mark. (2010b). Gendering the Homoerotic Body: Imagining the Subject in Boys’ Love and Yaoi. Écritures du Corps, Université Paris 13, Paris, 18-20 Nov.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011a). Floating Signifiers: Syntactical Praxis in Japanese Boys’ Love Manga. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2011 National Conference,San Antonio, Texas, 20 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011b). Girls Doing Boys Doing Boys: Boys’ Love, Masculinity and Sexual Identities. In Perper, Timothy and Martha Cornog (Eds.) Mangatopia: Essays on Anime and Manga in the Modern World. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011c). Border Dwellers in Boys’ Love Manga. First International Conference of Comics and Graphic Novels, Universidad Alcalá de Henares, Spain, 11 Nov.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011d). (Un)gendering the homoerotic body: Imagining subjects in boys’ love and yaoi. Transformative Works and Cultures, No. 8, November 15.

• McHarry, Mark. (2012). Review of Jeffrey Angles, Writing the Love of Boys: Origins of Bishōnen Culture in Modernist Japanese Literature. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific, Issue 31, Dec. 2012.

• McLelland, Mark. (2000). The Love Between Beautiful Boys in Japanese Women’s Comics, Journal of Gender Studies, 9:1, March 2000, pp. 13-25.

• McLelland, Mark. (2000). No Climax, No Point, No Meaning? Japanese Women’s Boy Love Sites on the Internet, Journal of Communication Inquiry, 24:3, July 2000, pp. 274-291.

• McLelland, Mark. (2001). Local Meanings in Global Space: A Case Study of Women’s ‘Boy Love’ Web Sites in Japanese & English. Mots Pluriels, October.

• McLelland, Mark. (Spring/Summer 2001). “Why are Japanese Girls’ Comics Full of Boys Bonking?” Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.

• McLelland, Mark. (2006/2007). “Why are Japanese Girls’ Comics Full of Boys Bonking?” Refractory: A Journal of Entertainment Media, 10.

• McLelland, Mark. (2005). The world of yaoi: The internet, censorship and the global ‘boy’s love.’ The Australian Feminist Law Journal, 23, 61-77.

• McLelland, Mark. (2006). Manga. In Gaëtan Brulotte and John Phillips (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature. New York: Routledge, pp. 849-851.

• McLelland, Mark. (2007). The international yaoi boys’ love fandom and regulation of virtual child pornography: Current legislation and its implications. Journal of Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 4(1), 2007, 93-104.

• McLelland, Mark. (n.d.) A short history of ‘Hentai.’

• Meyer, Uli. (2010). “Hidden in Straight Sight: Trans*gressing Gender and Sexuality via BL.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 232-256). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Miyaki, Toshio. (2013). Doing Occidentalism in contemporary Japan: Nation anthropomorphism and sexualized parody in Axis Powers Hetalia. Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (2003). “Male-male romance by and for women in Japan: A history and the subgenres of Yaoi fictions.” U.S.-Japan Women’s Journal, 25, 49-75.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (2008). Reading and Living Yaoi: Male-Male Fantasy Narratives as Women’s Sexual Subculture in Japan. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Rochester.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (September 2010). “Theorizing comics/manga genre as a productive forum: yaoi and beyond”. In Berndt, Jaqueline. Comics Worlds and the World of Comics: Towards Scholarship on a Global Scale. Kyoto, Japan: International Manga Research Center,Kyoto Seika University. pp. 145–170. ISBN

• Nagaike, Kazumi. (2005). Japanese women writers watch a boy being beaten by his father: Male homosexual fantasies, female sexuality and desire (Kono Taeko, Mori Mari, Okamoto Kanoko, Matsuura Rieko. (Doctoral Dissertation, The University of British Columbia [Canada]); Dissertation Abstracts International, 66, 12A .

• Nagaike, Kazumi. (2012). Fantasies of Cross-Dressing: Japanese Women Write Male-Male Erotica. Brill’s Japanese Studies Library, Vol. 37. Brill. 9789004216952

• Nagaike, K., & Katsuhiko, S., ed. (2013). Transnational Boys’ Love Fan Studies. Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Nishimura, Keiko. (2013). Where program and fantasy meet: Female fans conversing with character bots in Japan. Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Noh, Sueen. (2001). Reading YAOI comics: An analysis of Korean girls’ fandom.

• Ogi, Fusami (2001). Gender insubordination in Japanese comics (manga) for girls. In Lent, John A. (Ed.) Illustrating Asia: Comics, Humor Magazines, and Picture Books, Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

• Ogi, Fusami (2009.) “Beyond Shoujo, Blending Gender,” in Heer, Jeet and Kent Worcester Eds., A Comics Studies Reader 244-251. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781604731095

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2010). “Better than Romance? Japanese BL Manga and the Subgenre of Male/Male Romantic Fiction.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 59-83). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2009) GloBLisation and Hybridisation: Publishers’ Strategies for Bringing Boys’ Love to the United States. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific, 20.

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2008). Reading Boys’ Love in the West Participations 5(2).

• Perper, Timothy, and Martha Cornog. (2002). “Eroticism for the Masses: Japanese Manga Comics and their Assimilation into the U.S.” Sexuality & Culture 6(1):3-126.

• Rubio-Hernandez, Maria del Mar and Francisco Javier Lopez-Rodriguez. (2012). El fan fiction de tematica homoerotica inspirado por productos audiovisuales. Una aproximacion desde la narrativa. Restiva Comunicacion, 10(1), 1183-1198. (Spanish)

• Russ, Joanna. (1985). “Pornography by women for women with love”. Magic Mommas, Trembling Sisters, Puritans & Perverts: Feminist Essays. Trumansberg, New York: The Crossing Press.

• Sabucco, Veruska. (2000). Shonen Ai: Il nuovo immaginario erotico femminile tra Oriente e Occidente. Roma: Castelvecchi.

• Sabucco, Veruska. (2003). “Guided Fan Fiction: Western ‘Readings’ of Japanese Homosexual-Themed Texts.” In Chris Berry, Fran Martin and Audrey Yue, (Eds.), Mobile Cultures: New Media in Queer Asia. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, pp. 70-86.

• Saito, Kumiko (2011) “Desire in Subtext: Gender, Fandom, and Women’s Male-Male Homoerotic Parodies in Contemporary Japan.” Mechademia 6.

• Schodt, Frederik. (1983)· Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics, Tokyo: Kodansha Intl

• Schodt, Frederik. (1996). Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga, Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press.

• Shigematsu, Setsu. (1999). “Dimensions of Desire: Sex, Fantasy, and Fetish in Japanese Comics.” In John A. Lent, (Ed.), Themes and Issues in Asian Cartooning: Cute, Cheap, Mad, and Sexy. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Press, pp. 127-163.

• Sihombing, Febriani (2011). “On The Iconic Difference between Couple Characters in Boys Love Manga.” Image & Narrative 12 (1).

• Stanley, Marni. (2010). “101 Uses for Boys: Communing with the Reader in Yaoi and Slash.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 99-109). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Suzuki, Kazuko. (1998). “Pornography or Therapy? Japanese Girls Creating the Yaoi Phenomenon.” In Sherrie Inness, (Ed.), Millennium Girls: Today’s Girls Around the World. London: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 243-267.

• Suzuki, Midori. (2013). The possibilities of research on fujoshi in Japan. Transformative Works and Cultures, 12.

• Tan Bee Kee. (2010). “Rewriting Gender and Sexuality in English-Language Yaoi Fanfiction.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 126-156). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Toku, Masami (2003). Interview with Keiko Takemiya

• Toku, Masami (2002). Interview with Mr. Sagawa

• Toku, Masami (2000). Summary of Interviews in Summer 2000 – Yoshihiro Yonezawa

• Thorn, Matthew. (2004). Girls and women getting out of hand: The pleasure and politics of Japan’s amateur comics community. In Kelly, W. (Ed.) Fanning the Flames: Fans and consumer culture in contemporary Japan. New York: State University of New York Press, pp. 169-187.

• Vicars, Mark & Senior, Kim. (2010). “Queering the Quotidian: Yaoi, Narrative Pleasures and Reader Response.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 190-210). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Vincent, Keith (2007) “A Japanese Electra and Her Queer Progeny” Mechademia 2 pp.64-79

• Vincent, Keith J. (2-3 May 2002). “Envisioning the Homosexual in Yaoi.” Conference, Conceptualising Gender in Different Cultural Contexts. The School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.

• Welker, James. (2006). Beautiful, Borrowed, and Bent: “Boys’ Love” as Girls’ Love in Shôjo Manga. Signs 31(3):841-870.

• Welker, James. (2011) “Flower Tribes and Female Desire: Complicating Early Female Consumption of Male Homosexuality in Shôjo Manga.” Mechademia 6.

• Williams, Alan. (2010). “Raping Apollo: Sexual Difference and the Yaoi Phenomenon.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 221-231). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Wilson, Brent & Toku, Masami (2003). Boy’s Love, Yaoi, and Art Education: Issues of Power and Pedagogy.

• Wood, Andrea. (Spring 2006). “Straight” Women, Queer Texts: Boy-Love Manga and the Rise of a Global Counterpublic. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 34(1/2), 394-414.

• Wood, Andrea (2011). “Choose Your Own Queer Erotic Adventure: Young Adults, Boys Love Computer Games, and the Sexual Politics of Visual Play”. In Kenneth B. Kidd, Michelle Ann Abate. Over the rainbow : queer children’s and young adult literature. University of Michigan Press. pp. 354-379. ISBN 9780472071463.

• Xu, Y., & Yang, L. (to come). Forbidden love: incest, generational conflict, and the erotics of power in Chinese BL fiction. Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2013.771378

• Yi, Erika Junhui. (2013). Reflection on Chinese boys’ love fans: An insider’s view. Transformative Works & Cultures, 12.

• Zanghellini, Aleardo. (2009a). “Underage Sex and Romance in Japanese Homoerotic Manga and Anime“. Social & Legal Studies 18: 159. doi:10.1177/0964663909103623 (also here)

• Zanghellini, Aleardo. (2009b). “‘Boys love’ in anime and manga: Japanese subcultural production and its end users”. Continuum 23 (3): 279–294. doi:10.1080/10304310902822886

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Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Bibliography: Popular

This bibliography lists popular media; newspapers, magazines, blogs, and other potentially useful but non-scholarly resources.

• Avila, K. (January 2005). Boy’s Love and Yaoi Revisited, Sequential Tart.
• Brienza, Casey (February 2004) An Introduction to Korean Manhwa. Originally published in Aestheticism.com. (pdf)

• Boon, Miriam (24 May, 2007) Manga men CONVENTIONEERING / Anime North’s bent offerings Xtra!

• Butcher, Christopher (December 11, 2007). “Queer love manga style”. Xtra!.

• Cha, Kai-Ming (7 March, 2005) Yaoi Manga: What Girls Like? Publishers Weekly

• Chavez, Ed (30 October, 2007) Yaoi-Con and BL, No Longer “Niche” Publishers Weekly

• Cole, C. Bard (February 28, 2001). Webstory: Male on Male Action for Girls. The Gay and Lesbian Review Worldwide, 8(1), p. 40.

• Comic Market Preparations Committe (February 2008). What is the Comic Market?

• Fletcher, Dani (May 2002). Guys on Guys for Girls – Yaoi and Shounen Ai. Sequential Tart.

• Johnson, M. J. (May 2002). A brief history of yaoi, Sequential Tart.

• Jones, V. E. (April 2005) “He Loves Him, She Loves Them: Japanese comics about gay men are increasingly popular among women”. Boston.com.

• Keller, Katherine (18 February 2008) Seme and Uke? Make Me Puke Sequential Tart

• Keller, Katherine (1 February 2007) The Growth of Yaoi – Yamila Abraham Sequential Tart

• Masaki, Lyle. (6 January, 2008) “Yowie!”: The Stateside appeal of boy-meets-boy YAOI comics AfterElton.com

• Randall, Bill (15 May, 2003) Three By Moto Hagio The Comics Journal issue 252

• Solomon, Charles. (14 October, 2003) Anime, mon amour: forget Pokemon—Japanese animation explodes with gay, lesbian, and trans themes – video The Advocate

• Strickland, Elizabeth. (2 November 2006) “Drawn Together.” The Village Voice.

• St-Louis, Hervé (11 July 2008) Are Yaoi Manga The Future of Gay Comics? Comic Book Bin

• Totilo, S. (March 10, 2006) Japanese Comics With Gay Themes Attracting Young Female Readers. MTV News.

• Thompson, David. (Sept. 8, 2003). Hello boys. In New Statesman, pp. 43-44.

• Valenti, Kristy L. (July 2005). “‘Stop, My Butt Hurts!’ – The Yaoi Invasion”. The Comics Journal, issue 269.

• Wikipedia Entry on Yaoi

• Wikipedia’s listing of shonen-ai series

• Wikipedia’s listing of yaoi series

• YaoiWiki: A good resource for specific manga and mangaka; see All Pages for a convenient listing of what’s available there.

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